Arts & Culture – Page 3 – Barry Dequanne

Our Cultural Mosaic

Brazil’s Carnival commemorations not only represent a time for celebration, rest, and travel, but also highlight an important feature of Brazil’s rich cultural heritage. It is this heritage, framed within the context of a greater global perspective, that reminds us of the importance of culture and its correspondingly distinct and seemingly immeasurable variations.

The privilege of living in an embassy-based city like Brasilia offers a rich opportunity to connect with both Brazilian culture and an impressive number of cultures from all corners of the world. To complement this cultural mosaic, members of the American School of Brasilia’s community work, study, play, and socialize with at least forty-five different nationalities at any given time. This is an ideal setting towards fulfilling the “culturally diverse atmosphere” emphasis of our school’s mission.

Some argue that the single best form of education is to travel and immerse oneself in other cultures. There is certainly some truth to this statement, particularly given the prospect to view the world through lenses different from our own, while learning more about ourselves in the process. Albert Einstein’s maxim of, “the more I learn, the more I realize how much I don’t know,” resonates when considering how much there is to discover from other cultures.

To discover and understand a culture at a deeper level, it is necessary to first attain a level of fluency in the one or more languages associated with that culture. It would therefore be natural to feel somewhat daunted knowing there are nearly seven thousand different languages in use today. The following table lists the geographic distribution of all living languages, albeit through an oversimplified categorization of the world map into four regions.

Region	Number of Languages	Percent
Africa	2,110	30.5%
Americas	993	14.4%
Asia & Pacific	3,570	51.7%
Europe	234	3.5%

(Source: http://www.ethnologue.com/)

Since each language is associated with its own beliefs, history, art, music, philosophy, literature, and humor, it is, consequently, staggering to consider how much there is to learn from other cultures.

In his influential book, The Wayfinders: Why Ancient Wisdom Matters to the Modern World, Wade Davis asks the question, “What does it mean to be human and alive?” In a response to his own question, Davis underscores how every culture is of critical importance:

“While the thousands of different cultures and languages on Earth have compellingly different answers to that question, the genius of culture is the ability to survive in impossible conditions. We cannot afford to lose any of that variety of skills, because we are not only impoverished without it, we are vulnerable without it.”

Returning to a more local and personal context, the process of stepping out of our comfort zones to learn from other cultures represents not only an opportunity but, arguably, an obligation. Perhaps Wade Davis best categorizes our obligation to ensure a “culturally diverse atmosphere” in our schools:

“The world can only appear monochromatic to those who persist in interpreting what they experience through the lens of a single cultural paradigm, their own. For those with the eyes to see and the heart to feel, it remains a rich and complex topography of the spirit.”

In the spirit of our “culturally diverse atmosphere” and this week’s Carnival celebrations, the opportunity to appreciate and value Brazil’s rich cultural heritage and to learn from a larger cultural mosaic will be a prominent feature of the days ahead.

[easyrotator]erc_12_1414793996[/easyrotator]

Featured image: cc licensed ( CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 ) flickr photo by Mansir Petrie: http://www.flickr.com/photos/mansir/457648138/in/photostream/

Importance of Play

“You can discover more about a person in an hour of play than in a year of conversation.”

It is not clear if Plato was applying these words to education but they are, nevertheless, apropos to our contemporary work in schools. With the focus on grades, curriculum coverage, and standardized testing in schools, there is a concern that the value of play and the corresponding intrinsic benefits may be lost due to a focus on learning that is too narrow in scope. To be clear, I am not diminishing the importance of academic excellence, rigor, discipline, and high standards in any way, as they represent the cornerstones of any effective educational program. I am, however, highlighting the importance of providing students of all ages with the opportunity for play.

Recommended Blog Post – Play: Is it Becoming Extinct?

Recent EAB events highlighted and reminded me of the significance of learning from play. The first event occurred during a high school assembly when student leaders, with a focus on further building school spirit, were preparing the grade levels for a friendly competition. It was not the competition but rather the student learning that was prominent. Students were required to effectively collaborate, strategize, communicate, and strengthen relationships. The student organizers were impressive as they coordinated an entire high school, saw to all details, and comfortably led the process, further developing very important skill sets.

The Club EAB program highlighted another important aspect of play. As part of the afterschool offerings, high school students work with younger students in activities that include robotics, cooking, rugby, ballet, and band, to name a few. This week, I was observing the basketball activity and noted the serious focus of the students, the building of relationships, and the kind, supportive, and patient nature of the student leaders. To put it another way, a high level of emotional intelligence is developed and exhibited through the Club EAB program.

Factors associated with emotional intelligence are the keys to conflict resolution. During the course of a year, it is inevitable that there will be minor conflicts among students during recess and play, which is an element of our human nature. What is fundamental for students, however, is the ability to develop high levels of empathy, understanding, listening skills, self-advocacy, and conflict resolution skills. In a recent survey conducted in the United States, respondents were asked to name the most important long-term goals of K-12 education. By a large margin, respondents ranked building character above all other goals, including preparing students for the workforce.

Recommended Video – Emotional Intelligence

Finally, the last event influencing the motivation for this post was the faculty-student softball game. While the dominant student victory was a stark reminder that the faculty’s glory days in sport may be behind us (at least, I speak for myself), the game was also a reminder of the importance of teamwork, humility, grit, commitment, and preparedness. In addition, sport teaches us about the significance of goals that are beyond us and, in turn, how to win and lose with dignity and grace.

If EAB is to achieve its mission to “cultivate responsible and contributing citizens and leaders,” then the concept of learning from play must work in conjunction with our paramount focus on academic excellence.

Featured image: cc licensed ( CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 ) flickr photo by Matthew Loberg: http://www.flickr.com/photos/mloberg/4139266516/

“Você pode descobrir mais sobre uma pessoa em uma hora de jogo do que em um ano de conversa.”

Não está claro se Platão estava aplicando estas palavras a educação, mas elas são, no entanto, o propósito do nosso trabalho contemporâneo nas escolas. Focando nas notas, currículo e testes padronizados, existe a preocupação de que o valor do jogo e os benefícios intrínsecos correspondentes possam ser perdidos devido ao foco na aprendizagem, que é muito estreito em seu escopo. Para ser claro, não estou diminuindo a importância da excelência acadêmica, do rigor, da disciplina e dos padrões elevados, uma vez que representam os pilares de um programa educacional eficaz. Estou, no entanto, destacando a importância de proporcionar aos alunos de todas as idades a oportunidade de jogar.

Leitura recomendada do blog – Play: Is it Becoming Extinct?

Os eventos recentes da EAB destacaram e me lembraram da importância do aprendizado do jogo. O primeiro evento ocorreu durante uma assembleia da escola, quando líderes estudantis, com foco na construção de um espírito escolar, estavam preparando as séries para uma competição amigável. Não era a concorrência, mas sim o aprendizado do aluno que era proeminente. Os alunos eram obrigados a colaborar de forma eficaz, com estratégias, boa comunicação ,além de fortalecer relacionamentos. Os alunos que estavam organizando impressionaram com a forma como coordenaram toda a escola, cuidando de todos os detalhes, e liderando o processo confortavelmente, além de desenvolver ainda mais habilidades muito importantes.

O programa Clube EAB destacou outro aspecto importante do jogo. Como parte das ofertas depois da escola, os alunos do ensino médio trabalham com os alunos mais jovens em atividades que incluem robótica, culinária, rugby, ballet e banda, entre outros. Esta semana, eu estava observando o basquete e percebi a concentração dos alunos, a construção de novas relações, além do apoio e da paciência da liderança estudantil. Dito de outra forma, um alto nível de inteligência emocional é desenvolvido e exibido através do programa Clube EAB.

Fatores associados à inteligência emocional são a chave para a resolução de conflitos. Durante o ano, é inevitável que haja pequenos conflitos entre os alunos durante o intervalo e os jogos, pois fazem parte da nossa natureza humana. O que é fundamental para os alunos, no entanto, é a capacidade de desenvolver altos níveis de empatia, compreensão, capacidade de escuta, de auto-defesa e habilidades para resolver conflitos. Em uma recente pesquisa (survey) realizada nos Estados Unidos, os entrevistados foram convidados a nomear os objetivos mais importantes a longo prazo na educação K-12. A maioria dos entrevistados classificaram a construção do caráter, acima de todos os outros objetivos, incluindo a preparação dos alunos para o mercado de trabalho.

Vídeo recomendado – Emotional Intelligence

Finalmente, o último evento que me motivou para escrever essa mensagem foi o jogo de softball entre os alunos e o corpo docente. Enquanto a vitória dos alunos foi um claro lembrete de que a glória do corpo docente nos esportes ficou pra trás (pelo menos pra mim), o jogo também mostrou a importancia do trabalho em equipe, da humildade, coragem, compromisso e preparação . Além disso, o esporte nos ensina sobre a importância das metas que estão além de nós e, por sua vez, como ganhar e perder com dignidade e graça.

Se EAB conseguir atingir a sua missão de “cultivar cidadãos e líderes responsáveis e contribuintes”, então o conceito de aprendizagem do jogo deve ser trabalhado em conjunto com o nosso foco primordial na excelência acadêmica.

Featured image: cc licensed ( CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 ) flickr photo by Matthew Loberg: http://www.flickr.com/photos/mloberg/4139266516/

Kindness (Revisited)

GENTILEZA GERA GENTILEZA

Last week’s ‘Kindness’ post generated a substantial number of responses, which has led to this follow up post focusing on two subjects: José Datrino and a colleague’s letter.

Part I: José Datrino

(Caveat: I am not an expert regarding José Datrino’s story and apologize in advance if there are any errors in this summary of his story.)

While very few people know the name José Datrino, most Brazilians are aware of his more prominent title, Profeta Gentileza, or Prophet of Kindness, made famous, in part, by the artist Marisa Monte. But, more about that in a moment.

In response to the “Kindness’ post, some friends reminded me of Profeta Gentileza’s story. José Datrino, born in the state of São Paulo, lived from 1917 to 1996. Profeta Gentileza, identified by his white robe and long beard, is best known for spending over twenty years walking the streets of Rio de Janeiro, preaching the words of love, kindness, and respect, while painting murals on the supporting walls of viaducts. Beginning in 1980, José Datrino painted 56 different yellow and green murals with statements critical of society juxtaposed with words associated with kindness, love, and peace. From this period emerged the now famous phrase in Brazil, “Gentileza gera Gentileza” (Kindness generates Kindness).

In 1997, as part of an effort to clear the city of graffiti, José Datrino’s paintings were covered over with grey paint and were nearly lost forever. Fortunately, through a community-wide action plan, the paintings were restored shortly afterwards and became a part of the city’s cultural heritage. Though the paintings fell into disrepair and were marked by graffiti during the ensuing decade, as seen by the 2009 photos below, the paintings were again restored in 2011.

2009:

[easyrotator]erc_66_1414795477[/easyrotator]

2011:

[easyrotator]erc_65_1414827957[/easyrotator]

All 56 of the paintings can be viewed by clicking on the numbers on the map found in the link: Map of Paintings. Please note that all of the photos used in this blog posting are from the same website Rio com Gentileza.

The story of the Profeta Gentileza was made particularly famous by the song Gentileza, written and performed by the brilliant Brazilian artist Marisa Monte (live version is included at the end of this post).

Part II: A Colleague’s Letter

To add to our reflections on ‘kindness’, the following is a letter a colleague sent to me after reading last week’s post. The author, who preferred to remain anonymous, presents several philosophical questions related to the concept of kindness and connects these questions to the basis of our existence. Whether we are contemplating José Datrino’s legacy or my colleague’s existential questions, there appears to be much to reflect on when considering the concept of ‘kindness’.

Colleague’s Letter:

I saw the article (and your blog) and read with interest. We spoke a few weeks ago about it. It is, isn’t it, the fundamental question about ethics: are human beings naturally “good” or naturally “bad”, so to speak. I use inverted commas because these are relative terms, fraught with difficulty and history, and come freighted with a whole host of cultural and personal values.

It´s the whole question of nature v. nurture – are we born a certain way or are we conditioned; or, to put it another way, to what extent does either factor create who we are. This debate is a central tenet of ethics in philosophy which, as you know, I enjoy reading: from Aristotle, through to Kant, to more recent questions of evolutionary biology, and Dawkins’ notion of the “selfish gene”, the relevance of the question remains as fundamental as ever.

Jean-Jaques Rousseau, along with certain eastern religions, such as Zen Buddhism, for example, and certain forms of existentialism would argue that human beings are born innocent (or at least free of a “fixed”, or predetermined, nature), a belief in the intrinsic perfectibility of humanity, and it is society that corrupts us; if this is so, then social laws and regulations act as unwanted restraints on our original condition of being, travestying our true nature; Hobbes, Machiavelli as well as the theological concept of original sin, on the other hand, would all suggest we are innately flawed, prone to wrong-doing, in which case the more laws, rules and regulations we have the better.

What I´m suggesting to you is that the answer to the question forms, and has formed, historically, the very basis of our social and political structures, the very way that human beings have organized themselves into communities. For example, in its more extreme forms, the political system of anarchy (meant in the utopian sense). would result from a belief that we are innately innocent or “good’ – the less rules the better in as far as rules thwart our nature; on the other hand, tyranny would be one possible result of the belief that we are innately flawed, such that the more rules and restraints on us the better.

I know this is bringing in ideas from sociology, political science and philosophy but the analogy with kindness still holds: is kindness fundamental to our being or is it something we can learn or, indeed, need to learn (because it doesn’t necessarily come “naturally”)? In this way, in the ethical context of this discussion, the question of humanity´s innate goodness (or not) is, for me, the question of questions and its answer concerns the very meaning of our lives.

Marisa Monte – Gentileza (live)

Photo Credits: http://www.riocomgentileza.com.br/index.html

The Importance of Arts Education

Anyone entering EAB’s auditorium on Friday morning was greeted by a resounding rush of energy and exhilaration, generated by students singing and dancing in their aisles to the music of a live New Orleans brass band. This was the scene last week when, through a series of serendipitous events, The Hot 8 Brass Band found its way to EAB to entertain our students and teachers with a memorable performance that spilled into the school’s hallway (photo credits: Valmir Gomes)

[easyrotator]erc_97_1385835399[/easyrotator]

The show put a fitting exclamation mark on a succession of outstanding arts events at EAB in recent weeks. From the upper school band performance, to last Saturday’s parent-student arts celebration, to visual arts displays, to theater productions, our community has had the opportunity to appreciate and delight in the impressive work and talents of our students. The arts related events of recent weeks have served to emphasize one of EAB’s five educational pillars and the importance of arts education.

Educational research is categorical in concluding that the inclusion of arts in educational programs is an essential factor associated with the learning process. The Washington Post recently published an article highlighting the Top 10 Skills Children Learn from the Arts: creativity, confidence, problem solving, perseverance, focus, non-verbal communication, receiving constructive feedback, collaboration, dedication, and accountability. Another article about the Important of Art in Child Development added motor skills, language development, decision-making, cultural awareness, and improved academic performance to the list of proficiencies. Harvard’s Project Zero Study emphasizes the importance of arts education, as does the Guggenheim Study, among many other studies. If there is any doubt about the importance of the arts, then read the student comments submitted to the New York Times in response to the question, “How Important is Arts Education.”

Given my own academic background in mathematics and technology, I particularly appreciate how John Maeda and Mae Jemison emphasize, through their Ted Talks, the importance of integrating the arts, mathematics, and sciences in a K-12 educational program. John Maeda, the President of the Rhode Island School of Design, shares how art, technology, and design inform creative leaders (John Maeda Ted Talk). Similarly, Mae Jemison, emphasizes the importance of integrating the arts and sciences and how these skills contributed to her success as an astronaut (Mae Jemison Ted Talk).

This article is not designed to diminish the importance of other academic fields but, rather, to highlight how arts education can complement and strengthen the study of other disciplines while also embodying a key field of study in itself. I often hear of educators referring to the “core subjects” which, more often than not, excludes the arts. Given what we know about the arts, this paradigm must shift to a more inclusive approach to arts education.

Perhaps the Kennedy Center’s National Standards for Arts Education states it best:

“. . . the arts have been an inseparable part of the human journey; indeed, we depend on the arts to carry us toward the fullness of our humanity. We value them for themselves, and because we do, we believe knowing and practicing them is fundamental to the healthy development of our children’s minds and spirits. That is why, in any civilization – ours included – the arts are inseparable from the very meaning of the term ‘education.’ We know from long experience that no one can claim to be truly educated who lacks basic knowledge and skills in the arts.”

Featured image: cc licensed ( BY NC SA 2.0 ) flickr photo by Nick Sherman: http://www.flickr.com/photos/nicksherman/4946005960/

A Importância da Educação Artística

Qualquer um que tenha entrado no auditório da EAB na quarta-feira pela manhã, foi saudado por uma onda ressonante de energia e alegria, gerada por alunos cantando e dançando pelos corredores ao som da música ao vivo de uma banda de New Orleans.

Este foi o cenário, na semana passada, quando, através de uma série de eventos fortuitos, a banda The Hot 8 Brass Band chegou até a EAB para entreter os nossos alunos e professores com uma performance memorável que se espalhou pelos corredores da escola .

[easyrotator]erc_97_1385835399[/easyrotator]

O show colocou um ponto de exclamação em uma sucessão de acontecimentos marcantes do Departamento de Artes da EAB nas últimas semanas. Desde a apresentação da banda do Upper School até a celebração de artes de pais-alunos no sábado passado, as exposições de artes visuais e as produções de teatro, a nossa comunidade teve a oportunidade de apreciar e deliciar-se com os trabalhos e talentos dos nossos alunos. Os eventos de Artes das últimas semanas serviram para enfatizar um dos cinco pilares educacionais da EAB e a importância da educação artística.

A pesquisa educacional é categórica ao concluir que a inclusão de artes em programas de educação é um fator essencial associado ao processo de aprendizagem. O Washington Post publicou recentemente um artigo destacando a as 10 Habilidades Top Que As Crianças Aprendem com a Educação Artística : a criatividade, a confiança, a resolução de problemas, perseverança, foco, comunicação não-verbal, receber feedback construtivo, colaboração, dedicação e responsabilidade. Outro artigo sobre A Importância da ARte no Desenvolvimento da Criança acrescentou habilidades motoras, desenvolvimento da linguagem, tomada de decisão, consciência cultural e, um melhor desempenho acadêmico para a lista de proficiências.

O Project Zero Studyde Harvard destaca a importância da educação artística, assim como O Estudo Guggenheim, entre muitos outros estudos. Se houver qualquer dúvida sobre a importância da educação artística, leia os comentários dos alunos apresentados ao New York Times, em resposta à questão: “Quão Importante é a Educaçã o Artística“.

Dada a minha formação acadêmica em matemática e tecnologia, eu particularmente aprecio a forma como John Maeda e Mae Jemison enfatizam, por meio das Discussões do Ted, a importância da integração de artes, matemática e ciências em um programa de educação K-12. John Maeda, Presidente da Escola de Design Rhode Island, compartilha como a arte, a tecnologia e o design informam líderes criativos (. Da mesma forma, Mae Jemison, destaca a importância de integrar as artes e a ciência, e como essas habilidades contribuíram para o seu sucesso como astronauta (Mae Jemison Ted Talk).

Este artigo não se destina a diminuir a importância de outras áreas acadêmicas, mas sim para destacar como a educação artística pode complementar e reforçar o estudo de outras disciplinas ao mesmo tempo, incorporando um campo de estudo chave em si. Eu geralmente ouço de educadores que se referem aos “temas centrais” que, na maioria das vezes, excluem artes. Dado o que sabemos sobre artes, este paradigma deve mudar para uma abordagem mais inclusiva a educação artística.

Talvez o Padrão Nacional de Educação Artística do Centro Kennedy, descreva da melhor maneira: “… a arte tem sido uma parte inseparável da jornada humana, na verdade, nós dependemos da arte para nos levar para a plenitude da nossa humanidade. Nós a valorizamos por ela mesma, e por causa disso, nós acreditamos que compreendê-la e praticá-la é fundamental para a o desenvolvimento do espírito e da saúde mental nos nossos filhos. É por isso que, em qualquer civilização –inclusive na nossa – a arte não pode ser separada do termo “educação”. Nós sabemos, através da nossa longa experiência, que ninguém pode querer ser verdadeiramente educado, caso não tenha conhecimentos básicos e habilidades em artes.”

Featured image: cc licensed ( BY NC SA 2.0 ) flickr photo by Nick Sherman: http://www.flickr.com/photos/nicksherman/4946005960/

Brasilia Night Tour

This week, the American School of Brasilia’s faculty and staff toured Brasilia’s Lago Paranoá. It was an important evening in terms of the newest members of the school community getting to know the veteran faculty and staff. In terms of school culture, it is important to not only structure time for community members to build relationships outside of the work environment but to also explore and learn more about Brasilia.

Featured image: by Barry Dequanne